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Unit 1: Basic Ecological Concepts and Principles Related to Agricultural Systems

Farms and Ranches are Managed Ecosystems

Management is one of the key distinguishing features between a natural ecosystem and an agroecosystem. Think of all the decision-making and management practices involved in a farming or ranching business. To list just a few:

• deciding what to produce

• preparing the land

• planting crops

• applying nutrients

• irrigating and managing field drainage

• feeding and caring for animals 

• managing pasture and ranch land

• determining stocking rates for grazing

• managing insect, weed and disease pests

• harvesting

• managing crop residue

• managing animal waste